The vocabulary of the English language

The basis of any language is the word. English, of course, is no exception. The word lies a power, knowing that you can achieve almost all, because at the beginning of all beginnings was exactly the word. The study of this complex language units engaged in science — lexicology, which is on our website a separate section.

The overall structure of English vocabulary

Learning the vocabulary of the English language can be carried out in different directions. The whole vocabulary of the English language can be classified according to the following criteria:

1. From the standpoint of the structural composition
2. In terms of style
3. By similarity values
4. By similarity shape

In terms of structural classification of words divided into simple (black — black, lamp — the lamp), which are the basis for the formation of new words; derivatives (useless — useless), which are composed of affixes; and complex words. Complicated are words that have in their composition two or more bases (home-made — home-made), which is their main difference from the phrases.

Stylistic classification divides the vocabulary of the English language in terms of the emotional coloring, and the scope of this lexicon. There are literary, formal, modern vocabulary, and so on. D.

In the classification of the vocabulary of the English language according to the similarity of values ​​distinguish synonyms, antonyms and euphemisms. Synonyms — words similar in meaning: (jail — prison — a prison, screenwriter — scenarist — screenwriter). Antonyms — words opposite in meaning (light — light — dark — dark; to freeze — freezing — to melt — melt). Euphemisms — this word is not used in direct and in figurative sense, that is rude or indecent words are replaced by more correct (to die — to join the silent majority — to die).

The vocabulary of the English language from the point of view of the classification of the similarity of form is divided into homonyms — words similar in spelling but different in meaning (club — a club, club — club), and Paronyms, which are words similar but not identical in form (lay — put , lie — lie).

English as a complex organism can be viewed from different angles and the word as it is the basic unit in need of deep study.

 

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